Off road dump truck
Off-road dump trucks are heavy construction equipment and bear little resemblance to highway dump trucks. Larger off-road dump trucks are exclusively used for off-road mining and hauling heavy soils. There are two main forms: rigid frame and articulated frame.
The term «dump truck» is not commonly used in the mining industry or by the manufacturers of these machines. A more appropriate American term for this exclusively off-road vehicle is «tipper» and the equivalent European term is «tipper».
Truck
Dump trucks are used in large quarries and quarries. They have a rigid frame and conventional rear wheel drive steering. As of the end of 2013, the largest production dump truck is the 450 tonne BelAZ 75710, followed by the Liebherr T 282B, Bucyrus MT6300AC and Caterpillar 797F, each with a payload capacity of up to 400 short tons (363 t; 357). long tons). Most large haul trucks use diesel-electric powertrains, using a diesel engine to drive an alternator or a DC generator that supplies power to electric motors on each rear wheel. The Caterpillar 797 is unique in its size because it uses a diesel engine to power a manual transmission, typical of most road vehicles and medium sized dump trucks. Other major dump truck manufacturers are XCMG , SANY, Hitachi, Komatsu, DAC, Terex and BelAZ.
Articulated Dump Truck
The articulated dump truck is a four-wheel drive off-road dump truck. It has a hinge between the cab and the tipper body, but differs from the semi-trailer truck in that the propulsion system is a permanent fixture rather than a detachable vehicle. Steering is by hydraulic cylinders that steer the entire tractor in relation to the trailer, rather than rack and pinion steering on the front axle as in a conventional dump truck. With this method of steering, the trailer wheels follow the same trajectory as the front wheels. Combined with all-wheel drive and a low center of gravity, it adapts well to rough terrain. Major manufacturers include XCMG, Volvo CE, Terex, John Deere and Caterpillar.
